Haliaeetus albicilla - White-tailed Eagle

Haliaeetus albicilla (Linnaeus, 1758) · orliak morský · White-tailed Eagle

Accipitriformes(hawks, eagles and allies)Accipitridae(hawks and eagles)
Alternative and historical names

Slovak names

  1. orliak morský (Kovalik 2010)
  2. orol morský (Kovalik 2010)
  3. orliak morský (Matoušek 1990)
  4. orliak morský (Ferianc 1987)

English names

  1. White-tailed Eagle (IOC 2.5 2010)
  2. White-tailed Eagle (BOU 1923)

Scientific names

  1. Haliaeetus albicilla (AviList 2026)
  2. Haliaeetus albicilla (IOC 15.2 2026)
  3. Haliaeetus albicilla (IOC 2.5 2010)
  4. Haliaeetus albicilla (BOU 1923)

Taxonomic synonyms

  1. Haliaeetus angustipes (Jánossy, 1983)
  2. Falco albicilla (Linnaeus, 1758)
  3. Falco spec (Linnaeus, 1758)
  4. Haliaeetus albicilla (Linnaeus, 1758)

Species characteristics in Slovakia

General occurrence
migrant / M
Breeding
rare nidificant / Nr
Migration
uncommon transmigrant / Tu
Wintering
uncommon wintering / Wu
Status in Slovakia: Rarity: Uncommon Status in Slovakia: present Origin: original
Rarities committee:
Does not require any reporting or registration by Raritties commitee

Conservation — Red Lists

Slovakia 2023breeding population
Breeding population Period: 2013–2023 Source: Demko M. a kol. 2025: Červený zoznam vtákov Slovenska: aktualizácia 2013 – 2023. Tichodroma 37: 107–117. Online 18. 1. 2026. DOI: 10.31577/tichodroma.2025.37.18. Príloha 1, s. 116, riadok 29, stĺpec 6 Criteria: D Category downgraded by 1 level due to surrounding populations.
Europe 2021
Population scope unspecified Source: BirdLife International 2021: European Red List of Birds. Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg. Reported in: Demko M. a kol. 2025: Červený zoznam vtákov Slovenska: aktualizácia 2013 – 2023. Tichodroma 37: 107–117. Online 18. 1. 2026. DOI: 10.31577/tichodroma.2025.37.18. Príloha 1, s. 116, riadok 29, stĺpec 4
World 2025
Species Source: BirdLife International 2025: Species factsheets. Citované v Demko a kol. 2025, prístup 16. 4. 2025. Reported in: Demko M. a kol. 2025: Červený zoznam vtákov Slovenska: aktualizácia 2013 – 2023. Tichodroma 37: 107–117. Online 18. 1. 2026. DOI: 10.31577/tichodroma.2025.37.18. Príloha 1, s. 116, riadok 29, stĺpec 3
Previous assessments
Slovakia 2013
Breeding population Period: 2002–2012 Source: Demko M., Krištín A. & Pačenovský S. 2014: Červený zoznam vtákov Slovenska. SOS/BirdLife Slovensko, Bratislava. Zdroj stĺpca SK 2013 podľa poznámky 5 prílohy Demko a kol. 2025. Reported in: Demko M. a kol. 2025: Červený zoznam vtákov Slovenska: aktualizácia 2013 – 2023. Tichodroma 37: 107–117. Online 18. 1. 2026. DOI: 10.31577/tichodroma.2025.37.18. Príloha 1, s. 116, riadok 29, stĺpec 5 Category downgraded by 1 level due to surrounding populations.

Observation map

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Detailed species observation statistics

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Source: the Birding.sk database. Counts reflect observer contributions, not population size.

About this species

Distribution

White-tailed Eagle ranges across Eurasia from the North Atlantic to eastern Asia. Following renewed breeding, it is a regular but still local Slovak breeder near major waters. It occurs year-round, with northern visitors joining local birds in winter. Young wander farther than adult pairs, which may remain near their territories.

Habitat

It needs major rivers, reservoirs and wetlands with food and safe tall trees. Lowland waterscapes are typical, although birds also visit northern reservoirs. Quiet nesting surroundings matter from late winter onward.

Breeding

A massive stick nest is repeatedly enlarged. Usually one to three eggs are laid, and both parents incubate and feed chicks. Breeding begins early, before full spring vegetation develops.

Food

It catches fish and waterbirds, also scavenging and taking other predators' prey. Hunting involves watching from perches or slow soaring above water.

Interesting fact

A white tail and pale head identify adults. Young remain darker for several years, but broad plank-like wings reveal their robust silhouette.

Sources: Slovak Wikipedia · English Wikipedia · Red List of the birds of Slovakia · Raptor Protection of Slovakia: winter census 2026

Explore further

Overview and identification

Descriptions, identification and names.

  • Slovak Wikipedia ↗

    Taxon account in Slovak: distribution, biology and references for further reading.

    https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orliak_morsk%C3%BD
  • English Wikipedia ↗

    Taxon account in English: distribution, biology and taxonomic context.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White-tailed_eagle
  • Raptor Protection of Slovakia: winter census 2026 ↗

    Results of the 2026 winter raptor census in the Pannonian region.

    https://www.dravce.sk/web/index.php/sk/aktuality-2026/1852-vysledky-zimneho-scitania-dravych-vtakov-v-panonskom-regione-2026
  • BTO: Identifying eagles ↗

    English identification video comparing this taxon with similar species and explaining distinguishing features.

    https://www.bto.org/learn/skills/bird-identification/videos/eagles

Data and research

Occurrences, distribution and research.

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